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The Red Butte Creek oil spill was caused by a rupture in a medium crude oil pipeline that occurred on June 11 and 12 2010. The Chevron Pipeline (CPL) is 10 inches in diameter and runs from western Colorado to a Chevron Corporation oil refinery near Salt Lake City Utah. A half inch diameter hole in the pipeline was caused by an electrical arc from high voltage power lines to a metal fence post buried a few inches above the pipeline. Red Butte Creek is an urban stream that is heavily controlled by dams and reservoirs. It flows through natural channels, urban parks (including the lake in Liberty Park), and buried culverts, emptying into the Jordan River. Oil began spewing from the pipeline sometime around 10 pm local time that Friday in the vicinity of Red Butte Garden in Salt Lake City. Several hours after detection of pressure reduction in the line, the broken pipe was discovered flowing 50 to 60 US gallons (190 to 230 l; 42 to 50 imp gal) of oil per minute into the Red Butte Creek. Roughly 800 barrels (33,600 gallons) of oil were released, approximately 400 were recovered on land and 400 entered into the creek. Crews contained the flow before it was able to reach the Great Salt Lake (a source of freshwater for the area) Three miles of the creek were significantly oiled and required cleanup treatment.〔 Oil began spewing from the pipeline sometime around 10 pm local time that Friday in the vicinity of Red Butte Garden in Salt Lake City. Residents were immediately warned to stay away from Red Butte Canyon, and Liberty Park was shut down for the day.〔 Clean up efforts were conducted by the Chevron Corporation along with the city of Salt Lake’s Fire Department, Police Department and Public Utilities Department. Crews used absorbent booms and created dams to contain the majority of the spill.〔 Utilizing many oilfield service companies, including 221 personnel, two thirds of the total spill was recovered within the first week of the rupture. Affected wildlife were transported to Hogle Zoo for treatment. As of 9 September 2010 a total of 778 of the 800 barrels were accounted for through recovery from water, soil removal and evaporation.〔 It is worth noting that this spill occurred amidst the responses to the BP Deepwater Horizon and the Kalamazoo River spill. The Red Butte Creek spill received reduced attention despite it being one of the largest to occur in Region 8 in some time.〔 In addition, the proximity of permanent residences leads to a greater potential impact to public health in the area.〔 ==The Geographic Area== Red Butte Creek in Salt Lake City, Utah is a narrow rocky creek between City Creek to the north and Emigration Creek to the south. It is divided into two parts by the Red Butte Gardens, namely Upper Butte Creek and Lower Butte Creek. Lower Red Butte Creek passes through urban areas and discharges into Liberty Park Lake at Liberty Park. This portion of the creek was affected by the spill. One of the Lower Creek’s functions is as an urban storm water conveyance system. The Red Butte Reservoir regulates the flow of Lower Butte Creek. High flow instances affect the distribution of chemicals as well as biotic communities within the creek.〔 Approximately 50 to 86 percent of the soils lining the banks of Red Butte have severe erosion potential.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Red Butte Creek oil spill」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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